{"id":536,"date":"2017-01-16T15:47:37","date_gmt":"2017-01-16T14:47:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fraxinus.mendelu.cz\/vymladkovelesy\/?page_id=536"},"modified":"2017-02-02T15:28:22","modified_gmt":"2017-02-02T14:28:22","slug":"lebedak","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/fraxinus.mendelu.cz\/vymladkovelesy\/lebedak\/","title":{"rendered":"Lebe\u010f\u00e1k"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00davod<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lebe\u010f\u00e1k je p\u0159\u00edkladem lokality, na n\u00ed\u017e byl aplikov\u00e1n podrobn\u00fd pr\u016fzkum lokalit starobyl\u00fdch v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f. Podrobn\u00fd pr\u016fzkum logicky navazuje na pr\u016fzkum z\u00e1kladn\u00ed (Bu\u010dek & \u010cernu\u0161\u00e1kov\u00e1 2015; Mad\u011bra et al., 2016). Zat\u00edmco z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pr\u016fzkum slou\u017e\u00ed ke zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdskytu starobyl\u00fdch v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f, k\u00a0vymapov\u00e1n\u00ed jejich plo\u0161n\u00e9ho rozsahu a k\u00a0z\u00e1kladn\u00edmu hodnocen\u00ed jejich v\u00fdznamu zpravidla na \u00fazem\u00ed obc\u00ed s\u00a0roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159enou p\u016fsobnost\u00ed, pr\u016fzkum podrobn\u00fd se prov\u00e1d\u00ed v konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch lokalit\u00e1ch starobyl\u00fdch v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f. P\u0159ednostn\u011b se zam\u011b\u0159uje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na lokality klasifikovan\u00e9 jako v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 pa\u0159eziny, \u010di na lokality jinak cenn\u00e9, nap\u0159. d\u00edky dochovan\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edm, \u010di kulturn\u011b-historick\u00fdm prvk\u016fm, region\u00e1ln\u00edmu v\u00fdznamu, geografick\u00e9 poloze apod.<\/p>\n

C\u00edlem podrobn\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu lokalit starobyl\u00fdch v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f je zejm\u00e9na podrobn\u011b charakterizovat stav konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch lokalit starobyl\u00fdch v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f, zejm\u00e9na pak lokalit v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch starobyl\u00fdch v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f, zmapovat v\u00fdskyt, evidovat a popsat dochovan\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed a kulturn\u011b-historick\u00e9 prvky, vytvo\u0159it prostorovou datab\u00e1zi dochovan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch a kulturn\u011b-historick\u00fdch prvk\u016f v\u00a0prost\u0159ed\u00ed geografick\u00fdch informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f (GIS), soust\u0159edit podklady k\u00a0hlub\u0161\u00edmu studiu fenom\u00e9n\u016f starobyl\u00fdch v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f, shrom\u00e1\u017edit podklady pro p\u0159\u00edpadnou ochranu a management lokality a zajistit, aby dosa\u017een\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky byly kompatibiln\u00ed s\u00a0hodnocen\u00edm prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdm v r\u00e1mci z\u00e1kladn\u00edho pr\u016fzkumu lokalit starobyl\u00fdch v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdstupy podrobn\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu jsou hlavn\u00edm v\u00fdsledkem ter\u00e9nn\u00edho \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed a prezentac\u00ed dosa\u017een\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f. M\u011bly by b\u00fdt dostate\u010dn\u011b stru\u010dn\u00e9, z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak v\u00fdsti\u017en\u00e9 bez ohledu na \u00fa\u010del jejich vyu\u017eit\u00ed (podklady k p\u00e9\u010di o lokalitu, charakteristika vyskytuj\u00edc\u00edch se prvk\u016f, ochrana kulturn\u011b-historick\u00fdch pam\u00e1tek apod.).<\/p>\n

<\/a>
V\u00fdznamn\u00fd starobyl\u00fd les v PP Lebe\u010f\u00e1k<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Z\u00e1kladem je vytvo\u0159en\u00ed prostorov\u00e9 datab\u00e1ze v\u00a0GIS, k \u010demu\u017e by m\u011bla b\u00fdt sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1na i metodika sb\u011bru dat. Datab\u00e1ze m\u00e1 dva navz\u00e1jem propojen\u00e9 bloky. Prvn\u00ed se t\u00fdk\u00e1 segment\u016f podrobn\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu, ke kter\u00fdm je v\u00a0datab\u00e1zi ulo\u017eeno plo\u0161n\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed vyskytuj\u00edc\u00edch se p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch a kulturn\u011b-historick\u00fdch prvk\u016f, charakteristika segment\u016f a jejich fotografie. Druh\u00fd blok obsahuje pozice v\u0161ech dokumentovan\u00fdch prvk\u016f, jejich charakteristiku a fotografie.<\/p>\n

Takto orienta\u010dn\u011b na\u010drtnut\u00e1 geografick\u00e1 datab\u00e1ze umo\u017e\u0148uje vytv\u00e1\u0159et nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mapov\u00e9 sestavy, nebo p\u0159ehledy p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fdch prvk\u016f. D\u00edky tomu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt prakticky vyu\u017eiteln\u00e1 p\u0159i p\u00e9\u010di o\u00a0lokalitu.<\/p>\n

K\u00a0hlavn\u00edm v\u00fdstup\u016fm podrobn\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu pat\u0159\u00ed mapov\u00e1 dokumentace, charakteristika segment\u016f podrobn\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu, charakteristika p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch a kulturn\u011b-historick\u00fdch prvk\u016f, fotografick\u00e1 dokumentace p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch a kulturn\u011b-historick\u00fdch prvk\u016f, souhrnn\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed lokality a vypln\u011bn\u00e9 formul\u00e1\u0159e ter\u00e9nn\u00edho pr\u016fzkumu lokality.<\/p>\n

\n

Podrobn\u00fd pr\u016fzkum PP Lebe\u010f\u00e1k<\/strong><\/p>\n

Podrobn\u00fd pr\u016fzkum starobyl\u00e9ho v\u00fdmladkov\u00e9ho lesa byl jako p\u0159\u00edpadov\u00e1 studie poprv\u00e9 realizov\u00e1n v\u00a0P\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed pam\u00e1tce Lebe\u010f\u00e1k na Boskovicku v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu vegeta\u010dn\u00ed sez\u00f3ny\u00a02014. Metodika podrobn\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu byla tou dobou pouze v\u00a0hrub\u00fdch obrysech na\u010drtnuta a teprve na z\u00e1klad\u011b t\u00e9to pilotn\u00ed studie byla upravena do fin\u00e1ln\u00ed podoby.<\/p>\n

Pr\u016fzkum byl uskute\u010dn\u011bn bez jak\u00e9koliv znalosti lokality, nep\u0159edch\u00e1zel mu tedy pr\u016fzkum z\u00e1kladn\u00ed. D\u00edky tomu nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 vytvo\u0159it si p\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm prac\u00ed p\u0159edstavu o mno\u017estv\u00ed a kvalit\u011b p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch a kulturn\u011b-historick\u00fdch prvk\u016f. Proto byly v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch prvk\u016f zam\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1ny a charakterizov\u00e1ny jen n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich, zpravidla nejreprezentativn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, \u010di nejmohutn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. To neplat\u00ed o v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch druz\u00edch, kter\u00e9 byly zam\u011b\u0159eny a spo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1ny v\u017edy, pokud byly nalezeny. Detailn\u011b byly naopak evidov\u00e1ny v\u0161echny prvky kulturn\u011b-historick\u00e9.<\/p>\n

P\u0159i podrobn\u00e9m \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed byl pou\u017eit p\u0159\u00edstroj Trimble Juno ST Handheld, kde byla v\u00a0prost\u0159ed\u00ed software ArcPad 10.2 zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1na poloha jednotliv\u00fdch prvk\u016f, jejich charakteristiky a tak\u00e9 byly zobrazov\u00e1ny podkladov\u00e9 mapy s\u00a0indikac\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed polohy. P\u0159\u00edstrojem byl tak\u00e9 zp\u0159es\u0148ov\u00e1n z\u00e1kres hranic segment\u016f podrobn\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu. P\u0159esnost m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed byla zvy\u0161ov\u00e1na vyu\u017eit\u00edm extern\u00ed ant\u00e9ny a v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zam\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed pozic tak\u00e9 pr\u016fm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00edm z\u00a090 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n

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Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u00fadaje o lokalit\u011b<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed pam\u00e1tka Lebe\u010f\u00e1k se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00a0Jihomoravsk\u00e9m kraji, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 2,5 km jihoz\u00e1padn\u00edm sm\u011brem od centra Boskovic a spad\u00e1 pod katastr\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed obce Lhota Rapotina. Rozloha chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed dosahuje 9,281 ha (AOPK \u010cR 2013), ov\u0161em plocha podrobn\u011b zkouman\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed je o n\u011bco v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed (9,399 ha).<\/p>\n

P\u0159edm\u011btem ochrany je ojedin\u011bl\u00e1 extrazon\u00e1ln\u00ed lokalita spole\u010denstev teplomiln\u00fdch zakrsl\u00fdch doubrav a skaln\u00edch lad s xerotermofyty, z nich\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 se zde vyskytuj\u00ed na severn\u00ed hranici sv\u00e9ho roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed v\u00a0povod\u00ed Svitavy (AOPK \u010cR 2013; Posp\u00ed\u0161il & Brzobohat\u00fd 2010). C\u00edlem ochrany a p\u00e9\u010de je zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed neru\u0161en\u00e9ho p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje druhov\u011b bohat\u00fdch skaln\u00edch spole\u010denstev, regulace pom\u00edstn\u00edho n\u00e1letu ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edch d\u0159evin (zejm\u00e9na ak\u00e1tu a jasanu) a postupn\u00e1 jemn\u00e1 \u00faprava druhov\u00e9 skladby t\u011bch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed lesn\u00edch porost\u016f, kter\u00e9 neodpov\u00eddaj\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00e9 druhov\u00e9 skladb\u011b na dan\u00e9m stanovi\u0161ti (Posp\u00ed\u0161il & Brzobohat\u00fd 2010).<\/p>\n

Lokalita se nach\u00e1z\u00ed na p\u0159\u00edkr\u00e9m pravob\u0159e\u017en\u00edm svahu \u0159\u00ed\u010dky B\u011bl\u00e9 budovan\u00e9m \u010dervenohn\u011bd\u00fdmi j\u00edlovci, prachovci, jemn\u011b a\u017e st\u0159edn\u011b zrnit\u00fdmi p\u00edskovci a \u010dervenohn\u011bd\u00fdmi a\u017e rezav\u011b hn\u011bd\u00fdmi slepenci rokytensk\u00e9 facie autunu Boskovick\u00e9 br\u00e1zdy (Mackov\u010din et al. 2007), jejich\u017e vrstvy se skl\u00e1n\u011bj\u00ed souhlasn\u011b se sklonem ter\u00e9nu. Svah s ji\u017en\u00ed a\u017e jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed expozic\u00ed a sklonem 30\u201340\u00b0 je nepochybn\u011b zlomov\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu a uzav\u00edr\u00e1 Rapot\u00ednskou kotlinu, v n\u00ed\u017e \u00fast\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u010dka B\u011bl\u00e1 do Svitavy. V minulosti tato \u0159\u00ed\u010dka podem\u00edlala strm\u00fd sr\u00e1z a odn\u00e1\u0161ela su\u0165ov\u00fd materi\u00e1l, kter\u00fd se zde uvol\u0148uje. Nyn\u00ed je B\u011bl\u00e1 od Lebe\u010f\u00e1ku odd\u011blena \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00edm n\u00e1spem. Svah nen\u00ed rovnom\u011brn\u00fd, ale roz\u010dle\u0148uje jej cel\u00e1 \u0159ada \u0161ir\u0161\u00edch \u017eleb\u016f, rokl\u00ed a str\u017e\u00ed, jimi\u017e byl transportov\u00e1n su\u0165ov\u00fd materi\u00e1l dol\u016f k \u00fapat\u00ed. Dna n\u011bkter\u00fdch str\u017e\u00ed jsou st\u00e1le aktivn\u00ed, o \u010dem\u017e sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed ostr\u00e9 erozn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159ezy a sut\u011b na jejich b\u00e1zi. Na svaz\u00edch a zejm\u00e9na pod\u00e9l \u00fapat\u00ed vystupuj\u00ed na povrch n\u00edzk\u00e9 skalky nebo p\u0159\u00edmo skalnat\u00fd sr\u00e1z, kter\u00e9 jsou m\u00edsty zd\u016frazn\u011bn\u00e9 mal\u00fdmi l\u016fmky. Na z\u00e1padn\u00edm okraji byl skaln\u00ed \u00fatvar obna\u017een p\u0159i budov\u00e1n\u00ed trati a v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti je \u0159\u00eddce porostl\u00fd bylinami a n\u00edzk\u00fdmi ke\u0159i.<\/p>\n

V\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9 rozp\u011bt\u00ed lokality sah\u00e1 od 309 a\u017e do 382 m n. m. P\u016fdn\u00edm typem jsou na p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti lokality m\u011blk\u00e9 a vys\u00fdchav\u00e9 kysel\u00e9 kambizem\u011b typick\u00e9. Ve sva\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch poloh\u00e1ch ji na m\u011blk\u00fdch v\u00fdchozech permsk\u00fdch hornin doprov\u00e1z\u00ed kambizem rankerov\u00e1 s\u00a0rankerem kambick\u00fdm (Mackov\u010din et al. 2007). Ve str\u017e\u00edch a \u017elebech jsou vyvinuty p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011b vlhk\u00e9 a hlubok\u00e9 hum\u00f3zn\u00ed hn\u011bd\u00e9 p\u016fdy (Posp\u00ed\u0161il & Brzobohat\u00fd 2010).<\/p>\n

D\u00edky poloze lokality na strm\u00e9m, p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b k\u00a0jihu orientovan\u00e9m svahu se jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0v\u00fdh\u0159evnou, po v\u011bt\u0161inu dne oslun\u011bnou a teplou polohu.<\/p>\n

Takto polo\u017een\u00e9 svahy nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d Boskovickou br\u00e1zdou jsou jedine\u010dn\u00fdm \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011bm teplomiln\u00e9 vegetace. P\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b krn\u00edc\u00ed a m\u00e1lo tv\u00e1rn\u00e9 porosty dubu zimn\u00edho (v\u00fdmladkov\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu) s ojedin\u011blou p\u0159\u00edm\u011bs\u00ed habru a babyky, v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b i hru\u0161n\u011b obecn\u00e9, na skalnat\u00fdch h\u0159b\u00edtc\u00edch je vtrou\u0161ena borovice lesn\u00ed. Synusii bylinn\u00e9ho podrostu tvo\u0159\u00ed druhov\u011b pestr\u00e1 \u0161k\u00e1la h\u00e1jov\u00fdch a teplomiln\u00fdch druh\u016f. V zast\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch \u017elebech a na neskalnat\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech \u00fapat\u00ed maj\u00ed d\u0159eviny norm\u00e1ln\u00ed vzr\u016fst, krom\u011b dubu zimn\u00edho a habru zde hojn\u011bji roste babyka a jilm. Nevhodn\u011b je zde um\u011ble zanesen smrk. V podrostu se zde objevuj\u00ed druhy n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed na vlhkost a miner\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1soben\u00ed (Posp\u00ed\u0161il & Brzobohat\u00fd 2010).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky pr\u016fzkumu<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/a>
\u010clen\u011bn\u00ed lokality Lebe\u010f\u00e1k na segmenty podrobn\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu. \u017dlut\u00fdm p\u00edsmem je uvedeno \u010d\u00edslo segmentu a kategorie starobyl\u00e9ho v\u00fdmladkov\u00e9ho lesa, tu\u010dn\u00fdm \u010dern\u00fdm p\u00edsmem je uveden po\u010det zachycen\u00fdch prvk\u016f (kategori\u00ed) starobyl\u00fdch v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f. V segmentech bez v\u00fdpln\u011b se starobyl\u00fd v\u00fdmladkov\u00fd les nenach\u00e1z\u00ed<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/a>
Po\u010det v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch druh\u016f v jednotliv\u00fdch segmentech podrobn\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu lokality Lebe\u010f\u00e1k<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/a>
V\u00fdskyt vybran\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch a kulturn\u011b-historick\u00fdch prvk\u016f v PP Lebe\u010f\u00e1k<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/a>
Charakteristiky aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed vegetace, v\u00fdskyt p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch a kulturn\u011b-historick\u00fdch prvk\u016f starobyl\u00fdch v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f v jednotliv\u00fdch segmentech (1 \u2013 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd v\u00fdznam, 2 \u2013 mal\u00fd v\u00fdznam, 3 \u2013 st\u0159edn\u00ed v\u00fdznam, 4 \u2013 velk\u00fd v\u00fdznam, 5 \u2013 v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b velk\u00fd v\u00fdznam, a \u2013 vyskytuje se, ale v\u00fdznam nehodnocen, n \u2013 nezji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1no)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/a>
V\u00fdsledn\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed lokality starobyl\u00e9ho v\u00fdmladkov\u00e9ho lesa Lebe\u010f\u00e1k<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Segmenty podrobn\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu byly vymezeny na z\u00e1klad\u011b kvality starobyl\u00fdch v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f a dle aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho stavu biotop\u016f (jednotek Katalogu biotop\u016f \u010cR (Chytry\u0301 et al. 2001)). Pro ka\u017ed\u00fd segment byly zapisov\u00e1ny tak\u00e9 jednotky geobiocenologick\u00e9ho klasifika\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu (Buc\u030cek & Lacina 2007), nebyly v\u0161ak krit\u00e9riem pro segmentaci. V\u00fdskyt p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch a kulturn\u011b-historick\u00fdch prvk\u016f byl hodnocen zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 v\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9m segmentu. A\u017e na z\u00e1klad\u011b posouzen\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch segment\u016f byla cel\u00e1 lokalita za\u0159azena do odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed kategorie z\u00a0hlediska v\u00fdznamu starobyl\u00fdch v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f a bylo provedeno souhrnn\u00e9 vyhodnocen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch a kulturn\u011b-historick\u00fdch prvk\u016f (Mad\u011bra et al. 2016).<\/p>\n

Souhrnn\u00e1 plocha segment\u016f starobyl\u00fdch v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f v\u010detn\u011b segment\u016f sv\u011btlin, kter\u00e9 ke starobyl\u00fdm v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdm les\u016fm \u0159ad\u00edme tak\u00e9, dosahuje na\u00a0lokalit\u011b Lebe\u010f\u00e1k 8,0798 ha, tedy t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 86\u00a0% rozlohy lokality. Starobyl\u00e9 v\u00fdmladkov\u00e9 lesy se nenach\u00e1zej\u00ed pouze na 1,0752 ha (11,44 % \u00fazem\u00ed), naopak nejcenn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kategorie A (v\u00fdznamn\u00fd starobyl\u00fd v\u00fdmladkov\u00fd les) zauj\u00edm\u00e1 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 41 % \u00fazem\u00ed. Nepatrn\u00fd pod\u00edl (2,59 %) m\u00e1 segment p\u0159echodn\u00e9ho charakteru, v\u00a0n\u011bm\u017e se jen ojedin\u011ble vyskytuj\u00ed prvky v\u00e1zan\u00e9 na starobyl\u00e9 v\u00fdmladkov\u00e9 lesy.<\/p>\n

Nejcenn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed segmenty starobyl\u00fdch v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f kategorie A (segmenty 6, 12, 15, 18, 20, 21) tvo\u0159\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ostr\u016fvky v\u00a0cel\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti \u00fazem\u00ed a t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u017edy se zde nach\u00e1z\u00ed biotop L6.5, tedy acidofiln\u00ed teplomiln\u00e9 doubravy (Chytry\u0301 et al. 2001; 2010). K nejcenn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm segment\u016fm starobyl\u00fdch v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f pat\u0159\u00ed nav\u00edc tak\u00e9 segmenty sv\u011btlin. Sv\u011btliny v\u00a0segmentech 8 a 9 se sv\u00fdm druh\u00fdm slo\u017een\u00edm a tak\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00edm v\u00edce m\u00e9n\u011b podobaj\u00ed okoln\u00edm lesn\u00edm segment\u016fm, naopak zcela odli\u0161n\u00e1 je sv\u011btlina v\u00a0segmentu 23, kter\u00e1 je v\u00e1z\u00e1na na vystupuj\u00edc\u00ed slepencovou skalku s\u00a0p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b travobylinnou vegetac\u00ed. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee ani v\u00a0jednom z\u00a0t\u011bchto nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch segment\u016f nebyl zaznamen\u00e1n nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed po\u010det typick\u00fdch prvk\u016f v\u00e1zan\u00fdch na starobyl\u00e9 v\u00fdmladkov\u00e9 lesy, ani nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed po\u010det v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch druh\u016f, by\u0165 je z\u00a0p\u0159ilo\u017een\u00fdch map z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee se v\u00a0t\u011bchto segmentech vyskytuj\u00ed \u010dast\u011bji, ne\u017e v\u00a0segmentech ostatn\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Polykormony s\u00a0v\u00fdmladky a pa\u0159ezov\u00e9 hlavy jsou nej\u010dast\u011bji v\u00e1zan\u00e9 na kategorii v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch starobyl\u00fdch les\u016f, co\u017e ov\u0161em nen\u00ed p\u0159ekvapiv\u00e9, proto\u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00fdskyt t\u011bchto prvk\u016f je pro kategorizaci kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd. V\u00a0\u00fazem\u00ed jsou \u010dasto situov\u00e1ny na hrany str\u017e\u00ed, zlomov\u00e9 svahy a v\u00fdh\u0159evn\u00e1 stanovi\u0161t\u011b. Nej\u010dast\u011bji se vyskytuj\u00ed pa\u0159ezov\u00e9 hlavy dubu zimn\u00edho, vz\u00e1cn\u011bji se objevuj\u00ed i u ostatn\u00edch d\u0159evin (habr obecn\u00fd, l\u00edpa srd\u010dit\u00e1, javor babyka), tedy d\u0159evin m\u00e9n\u011b zastoupen\u00fdch. V\u00a0m\u00edstech, kde byla v\u00a0minulosti provedena t\u011b\u017eba nep\u016fvodn\u00edho trnovn\u00edku ak\u00e1tu v\u00a0z\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti \u00fazem\u00ed, obrazily z\u00a0v\u00fdmladk\u016f i n\u011bkter\u00e9 mlad\u0161\u00ed duby, co\u017e do budoucna zaji\u0161\u0165uje sice nedostate\u010dn\u00e9, nicm\u00e9n\u011b alespo\u0148 minim\u00e1ln\u00ed zastoupen\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed generace pa\u0159ezov\u00fdch hlav a polykormon\u016f.<\/p>\n

<\/a>
Pa\u0159ezov\u00e1 hlava dubu zimn\u00edho s v\u00fdmladky v PP Lebe\u010f\u00e1k<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Doupn\u00e9 stromy a dendrotelmy se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed rozpt\u00fdlen\u011b po cel\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed, \u010dast\u011bji op\u011bt v\u00a0segmentech v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch starobyl\u00fdch v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f. \u010casto se kombinuj\u00ed i s\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edmi prvky, obvykle s pa\u0159ezov\u00fdmi hlavami a polykormony. N\u011bkter\u00e9 dendrotelmy jsou na lokalit\u011b trvale zavodn\u011bn\u00e9, jin\u00e9 slou\u017e\u00ed jako brt\u011b divok\u00fdch v\u010del, co\u017e odhalily rozlomen\u00e9 dendrotelmy na v\u00fdvratech.<\/p>\n

Ekotonov\u00e1 spole\u010denstva jsou na lokalit\u011b velmi \u010dast\u00e1 a mnohdy se vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed i na men\u0161\u00edch sv\u011btlin\u00e1ch, d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e se n\u011bkdy tyto dva prvky prol\u00ednaj\u00ed. Okrajov\u00e1, lemov\u00e1 spole\u010denstva se vyskytuj\u00ed bu\u010f na rozhran\u00ed lesn\u00edho a nelesn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed (jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed hranice segmentu 2), nebo na v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch svahov\u00fdch hran\u00e1ch (hranice segment\u016f 12 a 13), d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e jsou trvale prosv\u011btlen\u00e1. V\u00fdrazn\u011b se pod\u00edlej\u00ed na vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed biodiverzit\u011b \u00fazem\u00ed a \u010dasto slou\u017e\u00ed jako \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b n\u011bkter\u00fdch v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch druh\u016f. Ekoton na jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed hranici segmentu 2 je tak jedn\u00edm z\u00a0rozhoduj\u00edc\u00edch faktor\u016f, d\u00edky kter\u00e9mu se v\u00a0dan\u00e9m segmentu vyskytuje v\u00a0porovn\u00e1n\u00ed se zbytkem \u00fazem\u00ed nejv\u00edce v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch druh\u016f (13 z\u00a0celkov\u00fdch 24) v\u010detn\u011b nap\u0159. kudlanky n\u00e1bo\u017en\u00e9 (Mantis religiosa<\/em>).<\/p>\n

Sv\u011btliny jsou na Lebe\u010f\u00e1ku je\u0161t\u011b \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm prvkem, ne\u017e ekotony. Typicky se jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0drobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed plo\u0161ky v\u00a0porostn\u00edch mezer\u00e1ch, nap\u0159. po odum\u0159el\u00e9m \u00farov\u0148ov\u00e9m stromu. Sv\u011btliny v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch rozm\u011br\u016f byly vymezeny jako zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed segmenty. Dv\u011b sv\u011btliny le\u017e\u00edc\u00ed relativn\u011b bl\u00edzko sebe (segmenty 8 a 9) se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed na vypukl\u00e9m svahov\u00e9m h\u0159bet\u011b ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti \u00fazem\u00ed, ob\u011b jsou zarostl\u00e9 dominantn\u00edm janovcem metlat\u00fdm (Cytisus scoparius<\/em>). Z\u0159ejm\u011b d\u00edky jeho krytu slou\u017e\u00ed jako \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b divo\u010d\u00e1k\u016f, co\u017e nazna\u010duje zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd pod\u00edl ruder\u00e1ln\u00edch druh\u016f rostlin a dokonce i p\u0159\u00edtomnost odrostl\u00e9ho lilku raj\u010dete. Zcela mimo\u0159\u00e1dnou sv\u011btlinu zahrnuje segment 23. Jde o\u00a0travobylinn\u00e9 spole\u010denstvo v\u00e1zan\u00e9 na v\u00fdh\u0159evnou slepencovou skalku, na n\u00ed\u017e v\u00a0r\u00e1mci cel\u00e9ho z\u00e1jmov\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed rostou pouze zde n\u011bkter\u00e9 v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 druhy, nap\u0159. sesel siv\u00fd (Seseli oseum<\/em>). Tato skalka je z\u00e1rove\u0148 z\u0159ejm\u011b jeho v\u016fbec nejsevern\u011bj\u0161\u00edm nalezi\u0161t\u011bm v\u00a0povod\u00ed Svitavy.<\/p>\n

P\u0159i podrobn\u00e9m pr\u016fzkumu bylo nalezeno celkem 24 v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch druh\u016f. Jednalo se o 23 druh\u016f rostlin a jednoho \u017eivo\u010dicha, dle Vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky 395\/1995 kriticky ohro\u017eenou kudlanku n\u00e1bo\u017enou. Mezi rostlinami pat\u0159\u00ed k\u00a0nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1lez\u016fm znovu potvrzen\u00fd v\u00fdskyt ohro\u017een\u00e9ho (Grulich 2012; Vyhl\u00e1\u0161ka 395\/1992 Sb.) plam\u00e9nku p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho (Clematis recta<\/em>). Identifikov\u00e1no v\u0161ak bylo dal\u0161\u00edch 6 ohro\u017een\u00fdch (Grulich 2012) druh\u016f rostlin. Lokalita je velmi v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 tak\u00e9 z\u00a0pohledu fytogeografick\u00e9ho, proto\u017ee se zde vyskytuj\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 teplomiln\u00e9 rostliny, kter\u00e9 pronikaj\u00ed \u00fadol\u00edm Svitavy d\u00e1le k\u00a0severu ji\u017e jen zcela v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b. K\u00a0takov\u00fdm druh\u016fm lze \u0159adit v\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd plam\u00e9nek p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd i sesel siv\u00fd, ale tak\u00e9 nap\u0159. kakost krvav\u00fd (Geranium sanguineum<\/em>), chrpu latnatou (Centaurea stoebe<\/em>), \u010di vikev hrachovitou (Vicia piciformis<\/em>).<\/p>\n

Ostatn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed prvky, jako hlavat\u00e9 stromy a v\u00fdstavky, nebyly v\u00a0\u00fazem\u00ed nalezeny.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdskyt kulturn\u011b-historick\u00fdch prvk\u016f je v\u00a0z\u00e1jmov\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed mnohem vz\u00e1cn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou hrani\u010dn\u00ed kameny, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u00fdlu\u010dn\u011b p\u0159i severn\u00ed hranici lokality. Celkov\u011b bylo objeveno 17 hrani\u010dn\u00edch kamen\u016f, v\u00a011 p\u0159\u00edpadech se jednalo o r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy otesan\u00fdch kamen\u016f a hrane\u010dn\u00edk\u016f, v\u00a05 p\u0159\u00edpadech \u0161lo o novodob\u011bj\u0161\u00ed betonov\u00e9 patn\u00edky. V\u00a0jednom p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se dokonce pozice hrani\u010dn\u00edho kamene ztoto\u017e\u0148ovala s\u00a0pozic\u00ed hrani\u010dn\u00edho stromu.<\/p>\n

<\/a>
Hrani\u010dn\u00ed k\u00e1men v PP Lebe\u010f\u00e1k<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Nev\u00fdrazn\u011b vyvinut\u00e9 jsou hrani\u010dn\u00ed valy vyskytuj\u00edc\u00ed se op\u011bt p\u0159i severn\u00edm okraji lokality. Pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b vznikly v\u00a0d\u016fsledku obhospoda\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed okoln\u00edch pozemk\u016f v\u00a0minulosti.<\/p>\n

<\/a>
Nev\u00fdrazn\u00fd hrani\u010dn\u00ed val ohrani\u010duje severn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st \u00fazem\u00ed<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n

Hrani\u010dn\u00ed stromy se v\u00a0porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s p\u0159edchoz\u00edmi kulturn\u011b-historick\u00fdmi prvky vyskytuj\u00ed v\u00a0\u00fazem\u00ed vz\u00e1cn\u011b. Op\u011bt jsou lokalizov\u00e1ny p\u0159i jeho severn\u00ed hranici, reprezentativn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed skupinka 3 prvk\u016f je situov\u00e1na ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti na hranici segmentu 3. Ve dvou p\u0159\u00edpadech je zde nav\u00edc vyvinuta mohutn\u00e1 pa\u0159ezov\u00e1 hlava, v\u00a0jednom p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je hrani\u010dn\u00edm stromem jedinec dubu letn\u00edho, tedy d\u0159eviny, kter\u00e1 byla jako hrani\u010dn\u00ed pozorov\u00e1na i na jin\u00fdch lokalit\u00e1ch (Bu\u010dek, Drobilov\u00e1, & Friedl 2010).<\/p>\n

<\/a>
Hrani\u010dn\u00ed strom s mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b mohutnou pa\u0159ezovou hlavou ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti \u00fazem\u00ed<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Jedin\u00fdm sakr\u00e1ln\u00edm prvkem je svat\u00fd obr\u00e1zek na kraji lesa v\u00a0segmentu 16, ve kter\u00e9m se p\u0159itom starobyl\u00fd v\u00fdmladkov\u00fd les nevyskytuje. Z\u00a0technick\u00fdch objekt\u016f lze zm\u00ednit pouze drobn\u00e9 l\u016fmky vyskytuj\u00edc\u00ed se zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i b\u00e1zi svahu v\u00a0ji\u017en\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti lokality. Dnes jsou ji\u017e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 neznateln\u00e9 a zcela zarostl\u00e9 vegetac\u00ed. Na jejich horn\u00edch hran\u00e1ch se v\u0161ak vlivem antropogenn\u011b podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 exponovanosti vytvo\u0159ila prosv\u011btlen\u00e9 ekotonov\u00e1 spole\u010denstva host\u00edc\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 druhy. K v\u00fdchodn\u00ed hranici \u00fazem\u00ed (segmenty 3 a 4) p\u0159il\u00e9haj\u00ed zbytky plu\u017einy. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee se v\u00a0t\u011bchto m\u00edstech objevuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 hrani\u010dn\u00ed stromy, hrani\u010dn\u00ed kameny a \u010d\u00e1st hranice je dokonce zv\u00fdrazn\u011bna valem.<\/p>\n

Na lokalit\u011b nebyla nalezena \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 archeologick\u00e1 pam\u00e1tka, neproch\u00e1z\u00ed tudy \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 star\u00e1 stezka a nepoda\u0159ilo se dohledat ani \u017e\u00e1dnou pov\u011bst, kter\u00e1 by se k\u00a0\u00fazem\u00ed vztahovala.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Cel\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed pr\u016fzkumu je \u00fa\u010deln\u00e9 pova\u017eovat za lokalitu starobyl\u00e9ho v\u00fdmladkov\u00e9ho lesa, a to i p\u0159es to, \u017ee se v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch segmentech starobyl\u00e9 v\u00fdmladkov\u00e9 lesy nevyskytuj\u00ed (segmenty 1, 10, 16, 22). D\u016fvodem je ztoto\u017en\u011bn\u00ed s\u00a0hranicemi p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed pam\u00e1tky, co\u017e by do budoucna umo\u017e\u0148ovalo sjednotit c\u00edle ochrany p\u0159\u00edrody s\u00a0c\u00edli ochrany starobyl\u00e9ho v\u00fdmladkov\u00e9ho lesa, a tak\u00e9 to, \u017ee se i v\u00a0segmentech, ve kter\u00fdch starobyl\u00e9 v\u00fdmladkov\u00e9 lesy chyb\u011bj\u00ed, vyskytuj\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 jejich typick\u00e9 prvky (nap\u0159. svat\u00fd obr\u00e1zek v\u00a0segmentu \u010d\u00edslo 16).<\/p>\n

Lokalitu Lebe\u010f\u00e1k klasifikujeme z\u00a0hlediska jej\u00edho v\u00fdznamu jako kategorii A2 (Mad\u011bra et al., 2016), tedy jako v\u00fdznamnou starobylou pa\u0159ezinu s\u00a0pa\u0159ezinami na v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b plochy (Tab. 2). V\u00edce ne\u017e 40 % rozlohy \u00fazem\u00ed zauj\u00edmaj\u00ed velmi reprezentativn\u00ed segmenty starobyl\u00fdch v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f (kategorie A), p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e v\u0161echny starobyl\u00e9 v\u00fdmladkov\u00e9 lesy (kategorie A, B, C) zauj\u00edmaj\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 86 % rozlohy cel\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed. Lokalita se vyzna\u010duje vysok\u00fdm zastoupen\u00edm polykormon\u016f a pa\u0159ezov\u00fdch hlav v\u00e1zan\u00fdch zejm\u00e9na na exponovan\u00e9 a v\u00fdh\u0159evn\u00e9 svahy, \u010dast\u00fdmi sv\u011btlinami a je tak\u00e9 velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 d\u00edky p\u0159\u00edtomnosti v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch druh\u016f, z\u00a0nich\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 se zde nach\u00e1zej\u00ed na hranici sv\u00e9ho d\u00edl\u010d\u00edho are\u00e1lu. Kulturn\u011b-historick\u00e9 prvky se v\u00a0\u00fazem\u00ed nevyskytuj\u00ed tak \u010dasto, jako prvky p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed. Dominuj\u00ed mezi nimi zejm\u00e9na prvky v\u00e1zan\u00e9 na hranice, hlavn\u011b hrani\u010dn\u00ed kameny, m\u00e9n\u011b pak hrani\u010dn\u00ed stromy a hrani\u010dn\u00ed valy.<\/p>\n

Lokalita je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed PP Lebe\u010f\u00e1k, p\u0159esto je budoucnost zdej\u0161\u00edho starobyl\u00e9ho v\u00fdmladkov\u00e9ho lesa problematick\u00e1. C\u00edle ochrany \u00fazem\u00ed (Posp\u00ed\u0161il & Brzobohat\u00fd 2010) jsou toti\u017e zam\u011b\u0159eny p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na zachov\u00e1n\u00ed teplomiln\u00fdch doubrav a skaln\u00edch lad, ochrana prvk\u016f starobyl\u00fdch v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f pl\u00e1nem p\u00e9\u010de deklarov\u00e1na nen\u00ed. Lokalita je tak\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017eena celou \u0159adou nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdch jev\u016f. V\u00a0z\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti se vyskytoval trnovn\u00edk ak\u00e1t, kter\u00fd byl sice managementov\u00fdmi opat\u0159en\u00edmi zlikvidov\u00e1n, nicm\u00e9n\u011b se zde st\u00e1le objevuje jeho zmlazen\u00ed. Za severn\u00ed hranic\u00ed stoj\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00fd are\u00e1l, odkud byla v\u00a0minulosti do nitra chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed vypou\u0161t\u011bna \u017eivice. Severoz\u00e1padn\u00ed hranici lokality lemuje plot obory, pod\u00e9l n\u011bho\u017e se do \u00fazem\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed ruder\u00e1ln\u00ed druhy. Z\u00a0pohledu starobyl\u00fdch v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f je pak problematick\u00e1 expanze habru, zejm\u00e9na v\u00a0m\u00e9n\u011b exponovan\u00fdch tvarech reli\u00e9fu, na hlub\u0161\u00edch p\u016fd\u00e1ch a ve str\u017e\u00edch. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b toho lze p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee rozsah reprezentativn\u00edch starobyl\u00fdch v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f v\u00e1zan\u00fdch p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na biotop teplomiln\u00fdch doubrav se bude v\u00a0budoucnu sni\u017eovat.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00davod Lebe\u010f\u00e1k je p\u0159\u00edkladem lokality, na n\u00ed\u017e byl aplikov\u00e1n podrobn\u00fd pr\u016fzkum lokalit starobyl\u00fdch v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f. Podrobn\u00fd pr\u016fzkum logicky navazuje na pr\u016fzkum z\u00e1kladn\u00ed (Bu\u010dek & \u010cernu\u0161\u00e1kov\u00e1 2015; Mad\u011bra et al., 2016). Zat\u00edmco z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pr\u016fzkum slou\u017e\u00ed ke zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdskytu starobyl\u00fdch v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f, k\u00a0vymapov\u00e1n\u00ed jejich plo\u0161n\u00e9ho rozsahu a k\u00a0z\u00e1kladn\u00edmu hodnocen\u00ed jejich v\u00fdznamu zpravidla na \u00fazem\u00ed obc\u00ed s\u00a0roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159enou p\u016fsobnost\u00ed, … <\/p>\n

Pokra\u010dovat ve \u010dten\u00ed „Lebe\u010f\u00e1k“<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-536","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nLebe\u010f\u00e1k - Starobyl\u00e9 v\u00fdmladkov\u00e9 lesy, jejich v\u00fdznam a udr\u017eitelnost v\u00a0kulturn\u00ed krajin\u011b<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fraxinus.mendelu.cz\/vymladkovelesy\/lebedak\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Lebe\u010f\u00e1k - Starobyl\u00e9 v\u00fdmladkov\u00e9 lesy, jejich v\u00fdznam a udr\u017eitelnost v\u00a0kulturn\u00ed krajin\u011b\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00davod Lebe\u010f\u00e1k je p\u0159\u00edkladem lokality, na n\u00ed\u017e byl aplikov\u00e1n podrobn\u00fd pr\u016fzkum lokalit starobyl\u00fdch v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f. 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