Vegetativn\u00ed regenerace d\u0159evin<\/b><\/p>\n
Rozbor princip\u016f a p\u0159\u00ed\u010din vegetativn\u00ed regenerace d\u0159evin ukazuje, \u017ee tento asexu\u00e1ln\u00ed zp\u016fsob obnovy je odpov\u011bd\u00ed rostlin na po\u0161kozen\u00ed biomasy \u2013 disturbanci, zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 lidsk\u00fdm z\u00e1sahem nebo p\u0159irozen\u011b abiotick\u00fdmi \u010di biotick\u00fdmi \u010diniteli. D\u0159eviny se v\u00fdmladky obnovuj\u00ed i v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9mech, kde k\u00a0p\u0159irozen\u00e9 disturbanci doch\u00e1z\u00ed (nap\u0159. b\u0159ehov\u00e9 porosty, su\u0165ov\u00e9 lesy, porosty d\u0159evin nad horn\u00ed hranic\u00ed lesa). Na schopnosti d\u0159evin obnovovat se vegetativn\u011b je zalo\u017eena existence v\u00fdmladkov\u00fdch les\u016f. Pokud je strom sk\u00e1cen a v \u00a0ko\u0159enov\u00e9 soustav\u011b je dosud dostatek z\u00e1sobn\u00edch l\u00e1tek, pak je v\u00a0p\u0159edja\u0159\u00ed vytla\u010dov\u00e1na m\u00edza vzh\u016fru, ale p\u0159es odum\u0159el\u00e1 pletiva se nedostane. Z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00a0baz\u00e1ln\u00edch \u010d\u00e1stech kmene a navod\u00ed vznik ko\u0159enov\u00fdch odno\u017e\u00ed a pa\u0159ezov\u00fdch v\u00fdmladk\u016f, schopn\u00fdch samostatn\u00e9ho r\u016fstu. Nov\u00e9 pupeny a siln\u00e9, rychle rostouc\u00ed pr\u00fdty vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z\u00a0povrchov\u00fdch pletiv b\u00e1ze kmene a ko\u0159enov\u00fdch n\u00e1b\u011bh\u016f (Mad\u011bra & Mart\u00ednkov\u00e1 2009).<\/p>\n
Schopnost tvo\u0159it pa\u0159ezov\u00e9 nebo ko\u0159enov\u00e9 v\u00fdmladky je u jednotliv\u00fdch druh\u016f d\u0159evin velmi odli\u0161n\u00e1. Z\u00a0na\u0161ich stromovit\u00fdch d\u0159evin maj\u00ed velmi dobrou pa\u0159ezovou v\u00fdmladnost habr obecn\u00fd, jilm habrolist\u00fd, l\u00edpa srd\u010dit\u00e1 i l\u00edpa velkolist\u00e1, ol\u0161e lepkav\u00e1 a v\u0161echny druhy vrb. Dobrou pa\u0159ezovou v\u00fdmladnost\u00ed se vyzna\u010duj\u00ed v\u0161echny druhy dub\u016f, javor babyka, jilm drsn\u00fd, ol\u0161e \u0161ed\u00e1, je\u0159\u00e1b pta\u010d\u00ed, topol \u010dern\u00fd a topol b\u00edl\u00fd. K\u00a0druh\u016fm s\u00a0malou pa\u0159ezovou v\u00fdmladnost\u00ed jsou \u0159azeny jasan ztepil\u00fd, javor klen a javor ml\u00e9\u010d, topol osika, nepatrnou pa\u0159ezovou v\u00fdmladnost maj\u00ed buk lesn\u00ed a b\u0159\u00edza b\u011blokor\u00e1. Velmi dobrou ko\u0159enovou v\u00fdmladnost\u00ed se vyzna\u010duj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm topol osika a topol b\u00edl\u00fd (Svoboda 1952).<\/p>\n
Schopnost tvo\u0159it pa\u0159ezov\u00e9 v\u00fdmladky ub\u00fdv\u00e1 \u00a0s\u00a0v\u011bkem, nejbohat\u0161\u00ed a nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdmladky se tvo\u0159\u00ed u mlad\u00fdch strom\u016f, v\u00fdmladnost ub\u00fdv\u00e1 po zpomalen\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9ho r\u016fstu, zhruba ve 40 letech, z\u00e1vis\u00ed tak\u00e9 na v\u00fdmladnosti pa\u0159ez\u016f. Velmi dlouh\u00e9 trv\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdmladnosti maj\u00ed duby, dlouh\u00e9 trv\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdmladnosti maj\u00ed habr, jilm habrolist\u00fd a jilm drsn\u00fd, l\u00edpy a\u00a0vrby, st\u0159edn\u00ed trv\u00e1n\u00ed javor babyka, ol\u0161e lepkav\u00e1, je\u0159\u00e1b pta\u010d\u00ed a topoly. Velmi kr\u00e1tk\u00fdm trv\u00e1n\u00edm v\u00fdmladnosti se vyzna\u010duj\u00ed buk lesn\u00ed, jasan ztepil\u00fd, javor ml\u00e9\u010d, javor klen, ol\u0161e \u0161ed\u00e1 a b\u0159\u00edza Pa\u0159ezov\u00e9 v\u00fdmladky rostou zpo\u010d\u00e1tku mnohem rychleji ne\u017e generativn\u011b vznikl\u00e9 semen\u00e1\u010dky d\u0159evin, nebo\u0165 mohou odeb\u00edrat z\u00a0pa\u0159ez\u016f zna\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed l\u00e1tek. Tento n\u00e1skok se vyrovn\u00e1v\u00e1 a\u017e po n\u011bkolika desetilet\u00edch, kdy\u017e jsou z\u00e1soby pa\u0159ezu vy\u010derp\u00e1ny (Svoboda 1952).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Vegetativn\u00ed regenerace d\u0159evin Rozbor princip\u016f a p\u0159\u00ed\u010din vegetativn\u00ed regenerace d\u0159evin ukazuje, \u017ee tento asexu\u00e1ln\u00ed zp\u016fsob obnovy je odpov\u011bd\u00ed rostlin na po\u0161kozen\u00ed biomasy \u2013 disturbanci, zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 lidsk\u00fdm z\u00e1sahem nebo p\u0159irozen\u011b abiotick\u00fdmi \u010di biotick\u00fdmi \u010diniteli. D\u0159eviny se v\u00fdmladky obnovuj\u00ed i v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9mech, kde k\u00a0p\u0159irozen\u00e9 disturbanci doch\u00e1z\u00ed (nap\u0159. b\u0159ehov\u00e9 porosty, su\u0165ov\u00e9 lesy, porosty d\u0159evin nad horn\u00ed … <\/p>\n